Challenges and Opportunities of Emotional Literacy in Primary Essay

Difficulties and Opportunities of Emotional Literacy in Primary Education - Essay Example I concur that it is tied in with helping youngsters connect with their feelings, recognize them and comprehend what a critical job they play in their self-improvement and advancement, and instructing them steps to deal with those feelings emphatically.  A major basic factor to various of the issues in contemporary society is numbness of the vital job feelings play. Passionate education is a productive preventive system, which precisely comprehended, can help society in disposing of heaps of its issues (Saarni, 1999). Once picked up, it gives people an option in contrast to sickness, animosity, substance misuse, unfortunate connections, and cultural clashes (Elias, Zins, Weissberg and Frey 1997); consequently the requirement for passionate proficiency instruction in youth. Understanding the idea of passionate proficiency requires analyzing its two segment builds, ‘intelligence’ and ‘emotion’. The subjective space includes such capacities as thinking, human memory, unique idea, and judgment (Matthews, 2006). Feelings have a place with the normally named full of feeling area of mental execution, which contains the feelings themselves, evaluations, mind-set, and other inclination conditions, including vitality or weariness (Matthews, 2006). Depictions of passionate proficiency ought to by one way or another connection feelings with insight if the meanings of the two ideas are to be continued (Sharp, 2001). For example, inspiration is personality’s third space. It signifies ‘learned objective looking for behavior’ (Matthew, 2006: 13) and organic drives. To the point that it is occupied with enthusiastic education, it ought to be pictured as auxiliary (Matthew, 2006).â â

McKinsey free essay sample

1. In light of the data gave for the situation, what sort of authoritative structure does McKinsey use and why? How is it associated with its attitude type (sort of organization inside the Bartlett Ghoshal typology)? Organization has unequivocally installed â€Å"One firm† structure, which identifies with customers, workers and benefits. They underline the individual expert turn of events, alleged I-formed advisors. It is group based association with group drove areas and portions. McKinsey’s have a framework, created more than quite a few years, of expert standards, way to deal with serving customers, faculty strategies, association, proprietorship which empower firm specialists to relate to the drawn out objectives of the establishment. history and customs of the firm have additionally developed qualities that urge firm individuals to adhere to arrangements that they may some way or another veer off from. All parts of an organization consolidate a high level of neighborhood self-governance with a one-firm arrangement. The director of every office had expansive working duty and dynamic power, yet just inside the restrictions of firm standards, system, and approaches. As indicated by the one-firm arrangement, all specialists were to be employed and advanced by the firm instead of by an office; accomplices benefit shares were gotten from a firm pool, not an office pool; and every customer was to be treated as a customer of an organization, not of a specific individual or office. I imagine that McKinsey is a transnational kind of organization, since its auxiliaries are generally free from the remainder of the organization, since they are clung to the nearby condition, to which they must be extremely mindful. The transnational organization is additionally depicted by Bartlett and Ghoshal as an incorporated and reliant system of different however equivalent units, where home office doesn't assume an instructing job. Home office decide to control their auxiliaries by socialization and systems. All executives or the board are chosen from local people, organization doesn't push their kin from the primary office for high positions. As organization work as an association all choices are pondered and examined with accomplices. 2. How does McKinsey deal with its information and learning? If it's not too much trouble examine in any event two or three models; associate them to their upper hand and mindset. As per Rajat Gupta â€Å"knowledge is the soul of McKinsey†. Association buckle down on their present and future strategies for how to improve and consummate information. McKinsey is contributing a great deal of time and assets in the associations information, picture, and abilities. There are more than 100 McKinsey workplaces in 60 nations. Throughout the most recent 12 years McKinsey has been positioned in the main situation of The Best Consulting Firms: Prestige list. McKinsey keeps up association called McKinsey Knowledge Center (McKC) , which give a tremendous pool of specific business data. Furthermore, expert created inward practice advancement records It leads free investigations that bring its accomplices into contact with compelling individuals from the network. Organization endeavor to bring and hold the best representatives from top colleges of the world. They utilize the methodology â€Å"engage-investigate apply-share†, which can portrayed as one where spotlight is on the advancement of information to reinforce individual and group capacity. Likewise firm utilizes a â€Å"stewardship model† where advisors are viewed as â€Å"1000 flowers† who must be protected by and thought about. Moreover organization is known for employing profoundly serious and driven individuals, it need to see the outcomes with time, in this manner on the off chance that somebody doesn't improve and advance alongside an organization the one is terminated. This idea is called â€Å"up or out†, 25% of firm representatives are new consistently. By having such a large number of workplaces everywhere throughout the world they likewise energize and bolster the dispersal of data and information between experts. For instance on the off chance that one worker experience issues toward the finish of a day, one can compose messages to different representatives in Europe and United States , the following morning there are generally seven or eight new advices, thoughts and leads. McKinsey put resources into building a notoriety for the executives aptitude by urging its staff to distribute articles and books, they went to huge points like â€Å"The Industry Structure in 2005† and â€Å"The Telephone Company of the Future†. Also organization created and presented Telecom Intranet, which improved intra organization sharing of information and correspondence. 3. Why has McKinsey chosen to set up the Client Services Team(CST), and what job does it play in the organization Client administration groups make a domain which bolster and encourage interests of the customers. They center representatives around results-situated endeavors and connect all experts with various information . CST improve customer support and cement customer long haul connections. As colleagues information on the customer extends, unanticipated help openings regularly rise. McKinsey perceives the significance of customer fulfillment in developing and holding customers, and the essential job that customer administration groups play in expanding that fulfillment. In addition, reinforcing and extending customer connections is a basic instrument for improving firms money related execution, and CST cultivate suffering connections. CST practice is an imperative piece of organization promise to enable their customers to contend all the more viably and accomplish more noteworthy outcomes. CST upgrades correspondence among the firm and its key customers. Better educated colleagues can support customers all the more adequately and all the more proactively. The best organization/customer connections comprise of open and customary two-way correspondence. Organization is stresses that business is consistently about individuals, in this manner expanding customer devotion is an achievement in each fruitful business. Since CST improve administration conveyance, firms with compelling group programs appreciate expanded customer fulfillment and steadfastness. CST assists with building commercial center information. By building up a developing dossier about the customers needs and the business sectors in which it works, firm increase significant commercial center bits of knowledge that can profit different customers just as associates who speak to different customers in that equivalent industry segment. CST can predict customers potential needs. Since they encourage a trade of data among all experts adjusting the customer about significant patterns and advancements influencing their business , McKinsey can enable the customer to foresee changes that will influence its picked methodology. Firm utilize â€Å"Engage-Explore-Apply-Share† model, where everybody is answerable for information improvement. Need is given to the Client Services Team. Since McKinsey is managing interesting issues with no unmistakable arrangement, a novel methodology must be taken. Moto of the organization is to make the incentive to the client and to get an encounter or eminence in transit.

Natural Resources and Energy Paper

Characteristic Resources and Energy Paper Spechelle Jones, Cherrie Chicaletto, Robert Hernandez, Jamie Hughes SCI/256 October thirteenth, 2010 The world is developing at a pace of 2. 8 individuals for each second and losing 1. 6 sections of land of land every second as per an article a month ago titled Environmental Impacts from Unsustainable Population Growth on the World Population Awareness site. Total populace Awareness is an association worried about ongoing issues of just as arrangement thoughts to famous an unnatural weather change hypotheses caused straightforwardly by overpopulation of the world. (World, 2010).In expansion to every single regular asset on this planet blurring ceaselessly, there is a consistently developing anxiety with the quantity of types of natural life and the individual territories of each. Everywhere throughout the world, nature conservation parks have been developed just so a little gathering of individuals can be responsible to uphold certain rules f or that safeguard which bolster and guarantee security of life inside that region. With an ever increasing number of regular assets required to keep up our â€Å"natural† capacity of life, it is unavoidable that the characteristic assets will run out at some point. It is just an issue of when.E. O. Wilson stated, â€Å"The one procedure continuous †¦ that will take a huge number of years to address is the loss of hereditary and species decent variety by the devastation of characteristic living spaces. This is the imprudence our relatives are most drastically averse to pardon us. † This hypothesis has been the fuel for the cutting edge â€Å"Go Green† crusade. People wherever have framed associations advancing new assets that don't bargain the condition of our planet. Thoughts are being broadcast worldwide to teach individuals and propose better approaches for warming our homes or washing our garments in light of another detergent.With this, it must be a sho rt time before the administration expects everybody to follow certain methodology for the removal of waste or building a house. Abruptly, it simply doesn't appear to be so significant any longer that the legislature might be encroaching on our privileges as an American resident to compel administrative rules. Replacing this normal concern, is a widespread intrigue and exertion to spare our planet for our kids. Sustainable timberland assets are declining due the expanded utilization of nonrenewable backwoods resources.Coal and flammable gas are two instances of nonrenewable woodland assets. These assets are nonrenewable in light of the fact that they can't be reused. The high bounty of coal and gaseous petrol hit its pinnacle one hundred years back, subsequent to sitting under the earth for in excess of an expected one million years. The flexibly of coal and petroleum gas is almost gone because of inordinate utilization of the assets in the previous century. The coal and gaseous petr ol isn't sustainable; these assets are making contamination the sea and all waters alike.Extracting petroleum gas and oil from timberlands for vitality source is helpful to people, yet the earth is enduring just as the common assets that are a piece of the nearby biological system of the woods. The timberland assets were so inexhaustible; anyway the change to these regular grounds is irreversible. The timberlands can give common assets to hundreds of years to come (Derr, 2007). Legitimate administration of these assets is important for sustainable timberland assets. Water, air and paper are altogether instances of sustainable timberland resources.However, when these assets are dirtied by different assets; it is substantially more hard to reuse them. By and large, it is simply past the point where it is possible to reuse those things in view of the high measure of contamination they had continued. Carbon Dioxide is reused into clean oxygen by plants and trees. Since numerous trees ar e being chopped down and consumed, progressively charcoal is being delivered; which is a nonrenewable asset. The trees are being chopped down, which can leave sustainable timberland resources.However, a significant number of the trees in these large backwoods have been developing for a great many years. The quality and intensity of these trees is difficult to recover. The trees have been placing clean oxygen into the air for a great many years. New trees start developing every year with the seeds from the individuals who were chopped down. None of those trees will have close to the measure of intensity or potentially cover critical to the encompassing biological system like the individuals who had been developing for many years. It is essential to the nearby biological system of the backwoods that the trees remain.Animals don't need paper for cover, nor can paper produce clean air to breath. It is significant that the characteristic assets be dealt with, a lot of the common assets a re draining too quickly.References Derr, A. (2007). Sustainable RESOURCES. Young men's Life, 97(3), 38. Recovered from MasterFILE Premier database. Total populace Awareness. (2010). Ecological Impacts from Unsustainable Population Growth. Recovered from Google at http://www. overpopulation. organization/sway. html. Normal Resources and Energy Paper Normal biological system is a characteristic unit comprising all things considered, creatures, and microorganism in a region working along with all the non-living physical of nature which plants and creatures are needy upon each other, and their specific environmental factors for endurance. Normal environments make up the planet on which we live just as the whole universe. They are dynamic and interconnected. A biological system is an assortment all things considered, creatures, microorganisms, bacterium, and growth just as the non-living segments that work all together in a given region (The Ontario Plan, 2011). Living and non-living things entwine with one another in a characteristic biological system. San Diego’s wetland is a case of a characteristic biological system. In this paper it will examine about the impacts that a developing human populace may have affected on San Diego’s wetland’s assets, including misfortune or mischief to populaces of wild species. It would likewise examine one administration practice for supportability and preservation of characteristic assets. Likewise to distinguish the dangers and advantages of extricating or utilizing one asset from this biological system, or in any territories close to this environment. Impacts of Human Population Coastal Wetlands are one of many imperiled natural surroundings on the planet, just close to tropical downpour woodlands. It is said that in the United States there are assessed over half of wetlands have been seriously changed or obliterated. San Diego wetland is the most compromised asset on the California coast. By 1900, wetlands have been influenced by human exercises. Wetlands wherever have been filled in for human improvements, for example, lodging, modern plants, and air terminal. They have been dig for use as channels, conduits, and marinas. Expressways are over the streamside gorge and sliced directly through waterfront bogs, causing territory discontinuity (Sea World, 2002). Misfortune and mischief to populace of wild species Between 1990 and 2000 wetland misfortune was around 24 square miles for every year, which is one football field lost like clockwork. The misfortune throughout the following 50 years with current reclamation endeavors is relied upon to be 500 square miles. Human exercises cause wetland debasement and misfortune by changing water quality, amount, or stream rates coming about expanding contamination and change the cosmetics of species inside a natural surroundings. These progressions happen when wetland biological systems are upset or non-local species are acquainted with a living space. Wetland plants can endure because of both contamination and hydrologic changes. Different ways wetland plants can be harmed are steers and other domesticated animals brushing, presentation of non-local plants that contend with local plants and expulsion of plants to utilize land for other human turn of events. The executives for supportability and preservation In the 1970s and 80s state and government organizations, along with numerous private protection gatherings, burned through a large number of dollars to buy San Diego County wetlands to set up untamed life jam. Thus, the vast majority of the county’s wetlands are openly claimed. This has to a great extent halted the filling, digging, and other direct annihilation of the wetlands, however they are as yet experiencing the disintegration and sedimentation brought about by upstream turn of events. The City of San Diego has as of late reestablished seven sections of land of salt swamp on the north finish of Mission Bay, which grows the wetlands of Mission Bay Northern Wildlife Preserve. The Southern California Wetlands Recovery Project intends to get in excess of 1,500 sections of land, and to reestablish or upgrade more than 500. In San Diego County the Project remembers 20 sections of land of reestablished salt bog for the Tijuana River Estuary (Sea World, 2002). Nonrenewable and sustainable power source Oil and coal are presently the most utilized types of nonrenewable vitality. Coal is an ignitable material that originates from the earth. It is gotten from mining and is the most troublesome asset to get. Oil is another flammable vitality acquired from boring, albeit dissimilar to coal, when the gap is bored the oil can be siphoned out of the gap. This makes it simpler and more financially savvy to accumulate oil at that point coal (Oracle ThinkQuest, 2011). No hazard or advantage found by separating or utilizing a nonrenewable sort of assets. Sustainable power source is vitality that consequently recharges itself from continuous regular procedures. For instance, daylight, wind, streaming water, natural procedures, and geothermal warmth streams are makers of usable sustainable power source (Oracle ThinkQuest, 2011). Wetlands can't utilize any of none or sustainable power source since wetlands are exceptionally touchy that anything outsider open or acquaint with it would lead discontinuity or even harm. View as multi-pages

Cognitive behavioral therapy

I will introduce an outline of the two methodologies followed by basic reflection upon their exceptive birthplaces, similitudes, contrasts and use by and by. Carl Rogers, originator of the individual focused methodology, imagined it in the late 1 backtalk when the remedial foundation was ruled by analysis, which holds that mental issues result from youth obsessions and natural drives covered in the oblivious brain, and behaviorism, which centers around the annalistic component of propensities creating as a response to stimuli.Rogers couldn't help contradicting these methodologies' origination of the customer as ‘weak' or ‘broken' and the specialist as the master with the instruments to ‘fix' him Cashmere, 201 1). On the other hand, the individual focused methodology is believed to be established in three interrelated ways of thinking (Cashmere, 2011 humanism, existentialism and phenomenology. Humanism is in a general sense a confidence in the nobility and worth of e very person, and that every individual is occupied with a battle towards ‘self-realization', I. E. Satisfaction of potential somehow or another, which ought to be recognized and respected.Existentialism holds that there is no target truth or meaning and that people are in this manner ‘condemned to be free', with all out duty regarding making significance in our individual lives, and homogeneity is a related technique for social/philosophical enquiry worried about understanding the abstract reality experienced by every person. Drawing on these impacts, Rogers built up various key principles of individual focused directing, three of which he named the ‘core states of remedial change'.These are that, right off the bat, the advisor encounters ‘unconditional positive respect' for the customer; the customer is caused to feel that all that he feels and communicates is similarly adequate, significant and esteemed. Also, the advisor encounters an 'empathic comprehensi on' of he customer, which implies that as the customer is talking, the specialist precisely faculties his emotions and individual qualities †including those he may not be legitimately mindful of.Thirdly, the specialists genuine positive respect and empathic understanding must be viably passed on to the customer (Rogers, 1957, refered to in Ballasting Dyke's, 2010). Page 1 of 6 These precepts serve to accentuation the job of the specialist in encouraging the customer's accomplishment of ‘self-completion' - turning into a mentally full grown-up who is quiet with their encounters and trusts their own internal sources to assist them with adapting to troubles. As in phenomenology, the advisor is worried about understanding the world as saw by the client.To work inside the ‘core conditions', a specialist must go about as another individual as opposed to a ‘expert' and must abstain from anticipating his very own implications onto the customer's circumstance no matter what, in spite of the fact that he ought to stay mindful of them as his very own component humankind. Rogers' hypothesis is that the helpful relationship, as opposed to a particular method or treatment, will itself encourage change. He accepted that any analysis or objective setting just typifies customers, and that singular implications ought to be treated as the â€Å"highest authority† (Ballasting Dyke's, 2010).The individual focused methodology likewise offers a hypothesis clarifying the causes of terrible enthusiastic trouble. Where there is a contention between how an individual feels, or is (the ‘organism self') and how he figures he should feel, or be (the ‘self-idea'), the outcome is ‘incongruence'. At the point when an individual is incongruent, he is encountering contemplations and sentiments that are unsuitable as per his self-idea. This outcomes in the work of concession components, for example, constraint, mutilation or humble of sentiments, c lose by raising disarray and unhappiness.In individual focused guiding, the advisor models harmoniousness †he is acting naturally and his encounters coordinate what he imparts to the customer †and his ‘unconditional positive respect' is planned to enable the customer to start to acknowledge all parts of himself and along these lines move towards compatibility (Ballasting Dyke's, 2010). Care, contrastingly, isn't principally a treatment in itself (despite the fact that there are kinds of treatment dependent on upon Buddhist lessons) but instead a strategy for managing enduring which has been incorporated into a few sorts f treatment, outstandingly subjective conduct treatment (CB).An fundamental piece of Buddhist way of thinking, care is an interpretation of a Pail word meaning ‘recollection'. To ‘recollect' a consciousness of the current second methods watching, without judgment, present musings, sentiments, sensations and more extensive setting. Urgently , this incorporates any sort of passionate uneasiness or languishing. It is placed that numerous individuals endeavor to guard themselves feeling, shielding themselves from the things they dread and attempting to achieve the things they worth and desire.People pine for what they don't have and get a handle on onto what they do - ? shaping passionate connections to thoughts, assets or individuals so as to divert themselves from the truth of life, which is that it includes enduring and will end in death (Barker, 2010). Hayes (2005, refered to in Barker, 2010) utilizes the expression ‘psychological sand trap' to depict the manner in which we can â€Å"sink more profound into our feelings† when we attempt to battle against them. To battle Page 2 of 6 against awkward emotions, regardless of whether by diverting ourselves or by attempting to drive them to change, just develops and fuels strife and anguish.Furthermore, while controlling or evading sentiments doesn't work and w e are arced to recognize them, we may over-relate to them, see them as perpetual and feel caught inside them. Acknowledgment is the principal basic component of care; rather than â€Å"feeling miserable about inclination sad†, the option is to acknowledge troublesome emotions, tenderly and inquisitively, as just piece of the entire second. ‘Being present' is the subsequent component; this includes endeavoring, through training, to concentrate upon the present moment.Ruminating over the past may bring about our handling current considerations and emotions as a component Of a general story, which obstructs our understanding fix only for what they are, and concentrating on future objectives keeps us from seeing that we will never be completely fulfilled; joy must be in the endeavourer, right now. The third component is mindfulness. Getting profoundly mindful of considerations and manners of thinking implies that we abstain from turning out to be ‘carried away' via pr ogrammed forms to the detriment of reason and control.Mindfulness is regularly worked on utilizing reflection however can be utilized as a major aspect of treatment or with regards to everyday exercises (Barker, 2010). The most sending out likeness to vibe IS the reverberation between the care related articulation ‘psychological sand trap' and the individual focused idea of ‘incongruence'. Basically, the two methodologies find the reason for enduring in the disparity between how individuals genuinely feel, or really are, and how they accept they should feel or ought to be.Accordingly, the two methodologies advocate acknowledgment and legitimating of all pieces of oneself, in spite of the fact that the individual focused methodology sees this as being encouraged by the helpful relationship, though in care it happens because of rehearsing ‘acceptance', ‘being present' and ‘awareness' by means of procedures, for example, commitment. Appeared (1996, refered to in Barker, 2010) contends that it was the reverberation between some humanistic and Buddhist thoughts that prompted Buddhism rising prevalence in Western culture since the 1 backtalk; care speculations applied in the West are in this manner in any event to some degree identified with the humanist approach.Certainly the two methodologies share a faith in phenomenological subjectivity and the hurtfulness Of various leveled, firm conventions. In any case, from the outset, care may show up more ideologically-based. Where the individual fixated approach centers around the individualized ‘organism self' neglecting to arrive at the self idea', care takes a firmer position in that it underscores the hurtfulness of all ‘craving or ‘grasping, in every single person, as a disavowal of the real factors of affliction and demise. Page 3 of 6 These parts of the two methodologies show up oppositely opposed.Should enduring individuals center around themselves, or would it be a good idea for them to move towards concentrating in general setting encompassing them so as to increase viewpoint? Mann Bazaar is an individual focused specialist who, all the more as of late, has joined care strategies as a major aspect of his training (Bazaar, 2009). He underlines the â€Å"erosion† of self that a careful assessment of oneself can ring about: ‘What reflection in the long run does to one individual is to leave one's identity†¦ That crushes the very establishment of our western culture which is established on inner self, on self, on acquiring†¦The more I'm mindful, the more I glance around, the more I see the full ramifications of torment' (Open University, 201 AAA). Barker (2010) likewise contends that being in a condition of careful mindfulness is a proper establishment for activity, and that relinquishing ‘craving' and ‘grasping' decreases narrow minded conduct seeing someone. The individual focused methodology has pulled in ana lysis for as far as anyone knows being â€Å"theory-thin† (Cashmere, 201 1). Notwithstanding, as has been appeared, it is established in humanism, existentialism and phenomenology', and was created as a test to the dictator, opinionated methodologies that were unmistakable at the time.Carl Rogers is overwhelmingly viewed as the most persuasive figure in the treatment field, even among specialists of intellectual social treatment (Barber, 2007, refered to in Ballasting Dyke's, 201 0); paying little mind to approach, most professionals today perceive the significance of the connection

Dole, Sanford Ballard

Dole, Sanford Ballard Dole, Sanford Ballard, 1844â€"1926, Hawaiian statesman, b. Honolulu, of American missionary parents. After education in the United States he returned to Hawaii and became prominent in public life. A leader of the revolution that in 1887 secured a more democratic constitution, Dole became justice of the supreme court under the new government. He looked with disfavor upon the revolution of 1893 that overthrew Queen Liliuokalani, but once it was accomplished he was willing to accept the office of president under the provisional government. The application of the revolutionists for annexation to the United States was refused by President Cleveland, who, after sending James H. Blount to investigate, demanded the restoration of the queen. Dole's reply, in which he defended the revolution and denied Cleveland's right to interfere, was one of his ablest papers. A constitutional convention was then held (1894), and the republic of Hawaii was created. Dole was declared the first president. His administration, during which he made efforts to secure annexation, was successful in spite of attempts at a counterrevolution and difficulties with Japan concerning immigration. After the islands were annexed in 1898 during McKinley's administration, Dole headed a commission to Congress to recommend legislation for Hawaii. The report included the draft of a bill which became the Organic Act of 1900. Dole was appointed first governor of the Territory of Hawaii in 1900. He resigned in 1903 to become U.S. district judge for Hawaii. See biography by E. M. Damon (1957). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

How Long Does OxyContin (Oxycodone) Stay in Your System

How Long Does OxyContin (Oxycodone) Stay in Your System Addiction Drug Use Opioids Print How Long Does OxyContin (Oxycodone) Stay in Your System? OxyContin in Your Blood, Urine, Hair, Saliva By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 28, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD on January 28, 2020 Darren McCollester/Staff/ Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Opioids Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand Effects Duration Detection Times Elimination Symptoms of Overdose Getting Help View All Back To Top OxyContin (controlled-release oxycodone hydrochloride)  is a long-acting opiate prescribed for moderate to severe pain when pain relief is needed for an extended time. It is the brand name of an extended-release formulation of oxycodone.  OxyContin can be detected in blood, urine, saliva, and hair, although detection windows vary depending on the type of test that is used.?? A single dose of OxyContin works in your body for about 12 hours, but the drug and its break-down products may be detectable for much longer.?? OxyContin, like other opiates, is a Schedule II controlled substance, meaning that it is considered a drug with a high potential for misuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence. In addition to its high potential for dependence and addiction, taking OxyContin in high doses or combining it with other substances poses a risk of overdose. By understanding how long it stays in your system, you may be able to prevent these reactions. How Long Does OxyContin Stay in Your System? Blood: Up to 24 hoursUrine: Up to four daysSaliva: Up to 48 hoursHair: Up to 90 days What You Should Know About OxyContin How Long Does It Take to Feel Effects? The pill  is designed to release oxycodone over a period of 12 hours. The initial absorption is in a little over a half-hour and then there is a second release from the pill about seven hours later. When you first start taking the prescription, you should reach steady levels of the drug in your bloodstream after 24 to 36 hours.?? The exact mechanism of action is not known, but the drug is believed to impact opioid receptors resulting in changes in the way that the brain responds to pain. It acts as a depressant in the central nervous system, which is why it decreases heart and breathing rates. OxyContin may also cause side effects that include:?? Dry mouthHeadacheNauseaDizzinessDrowsiness If you experience more serious side effects such as confusion, difficulty urinating, fainting, seizures, severe drowsiness, or very slow breathing, you should contact your doctor or emergency services right away. How Opiates Impact the Brain and Body How Long Does Oxycontin Last? The elimination half-life of OxyContin is about 4.5 hours, which is longer than the 3.2 hours for immediate-release formulations of oxycodone. The half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of a substance to be eliminated from the body. This means the drugs action  is effectively eliminated from the blood in 22.5 hours.?? Taking the medication with food doesnt affect the absorption, but you may have higher plasma levels when you take it with a high-fat meal. Plasma levels may also be higher in the elderly and people with renal or liver impairment. Your body breaks down oxycodone hydrochloride into noroxycodone, oxymorphone, and noroxymorphone. It is then excreted by the kidneys into the urine. OxyContin can be detected by screening tests used in employment, forensic, and medical settings.?? Many home drug testing kits can also detect the presence of the drug.   Urine OxyContin can be detected by a urine test for up to four days after the last dose. However, standard drug screenings often do not test for this drug, so additional tests may be used to detect the presence of OxyContin. Blood The detection window by blood is much shorter and the test is more costly and invasive. For these reasons, blood tests are not used to screen for the presence of OxyContin as frequently as urine tests. However, these tests can detect the substance in the body for up to 24 hours. Saliva OxyContin shows up quickly on saliva screening tests, usually within three hours of taking a dose, and its presence can be detected for up to 48 hours after the last dose. Hair As with other substances, OxyContin can be detected by a hair follicle test for a much longer period of time, up to 90 days.   If you take OxyContin by prescription, it will be detected on typical pre-employment or forensic drug tests. You should disclose that you are taking this drug by prescription when you are required to take such tests. Factors That Affect Detection Times There are a number of different factors that can influence how long OxyContin is detectable in your body. Age According to OxyContins prescribing information, studies found that people over the age of 65 had blood concentration levels of the drug that were 15% higher than that of younger adults, suggesting that elderly adults clear the drug at a slower rate.?? Because older adults metabolize the drug more slowly, it is likely that the drug can be detected in their systems for a longer period of time. Sex For unknown reasons, women have higher plasma levels when taking OxyContin. Studies indicate that women had blood concentrations 25% higher than men.?? Liver Health Function Studies have found that people with mild to moderate liver impairment had peak OxyContin blood concentrations that were 20% to 50% higher than individuals without liver impairment.?? Kidney Health Function People with kidney dysfunction also clear the substance more slowly, with peak blood concentrations around 20% to 50% higher than in healthy individuals.?? Other factors, such as how long youve been taking your medication, your individual metabolism, alcohol use, and taking other medications, can also play a role in how quickly OxyContin clears from your body. Prescribed Use vs. Other Methods The dosage schedule and how the substance is taken can also have an impact on detection times. The normal detection windows for OxyContin assume that the medication is taken as prescribed, in whole-tablet form, and on the recommended dosage schedule. However, when misused, OxyContin tablets may be crushed and snorted or injected. Research has found that when crushed and snorted, OxyContin can be detected within five minutes of administration. The drug is also more bioavailable when taken intranasally, which may affect peak blood plasma levels and duration of detectability.?? The type of OxyContin tablet that is crushed may also play a role in how quickly the drug begins to take effect and how it affects the body. One study found that crushing and snorting the controlled-release tablets was associated with lower and delayed peak blood plasma levels.?? While blood plasma levels may be lower, the delayed effect may mean that the substance is detectable in the body for a longer period of time. The misuse of prescription opioids such as OxyContin can also result in significant health consequences. When taken in large doses, these drugs can have serious side effects and can even be fatal. How to Get OxyContin Out of Your System There are a few different steps you can take if you want to speed up how quickly OxyContin is eliminated from your body. The most important is to stop taking the drug, but you should always talk to your doctor before taking this step. OxyContin can lead to physical dependence, so suddenly stopping your medication can result in withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor may slowly taper you off your medication in order to minimize these symptoms. Once you have safely stopped taking OxyContin, you may be able to slightly increase the drugs metabolism and elimination by making sure that you stay well-hydrated, following a healthy diet, and getting regular physical activity. Symptoms of Overdose OxyContin works by altering the way the brain and nervous system respond to pain. But it also has significant effects on depressing breathing and the cough reflex. An overdose can result in death.?? To avoid a potentially fatal overdose, you must always take the pill whole and never cut, crush,  chew, or inject OxyContin as its specifically formulated for extended (not immediate) release into the body. You should also stick to your prescribed dosing schedule to avoid taking too much. Never take two pills together because you missed a dose and never take more than one pill in 12 hours. The following are some of the symptoms of an OxyContin overdose: Difficulty breathingSlowed or stopped breathingExcessive sleepinessDizzinessFaintingLimp or weak musclesNarrowing or widening of the pupilsCold, clammy skinSlow or stopped heartbeatBlue skin, fingernails, or lipsLoss of consciousness or coma If you suspect someone has taken too much OxyContin and is showing symptoms of overdose, call 911 immediately. If unresponsive, first responders may be able to revive the victim with Narcan (naloxone), but only if they are notified soon enough. Its helpful if you can tell them the time the drug was taken, how much, the prescription formulation, and the persons age and weight. Understanding Opioid Overdoses Drug and Alcohol Interactions Even when using OxyContin as prescribed, it can cause serious or life-threatening breathing problems, especially during the first three days that it is used.  Drinking alcohol or taking medications that contain alcohol with OxyContin can cause overdose and death. Taking OxyContin with other medications can also cause life-threatening breathing problems. If a health care provider tries to administer or prescribe OxyContin to you, let them know if you are taking any of the following: Certain antibioticsCertain antifungal medicationsMedications for anxiety, mental illness, or nauseaMuscle relaxantsCertain medications for HIVOther narcotic pain medicationsSedativesSleeping pillsTranquilizersSupplements (especially St. Johns wort and tryptophan) Getting Help Like other opiates, OxyContin is known to have a high potential for dependence and misuseâ€"even when taking as prescribed.?? Talk to your doctor if you want to reduce your dose or stop taking OxyContin. Abruptly  stopping your medication can result in serious symptoms of withdrawal, including: Runny noseWatery eyesDifficulty sleepingJoint painMuscle achesRapid heartbeatFast breathingRestlessnessVomiting Your doctor can help you discontinue your medication safely and avoid withdrawal symptoms. This may involve gradually lowering your dose or using medications such as buprenorphine or methadone to manage the symptoms.   If you need additional help, your doctor may recommend inpatient or outpatient treatment. Such treatments may involve the use of medications to support your recovery as well as psychological approaches including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), contingency management (CM), and motivational enhancement therapy (MET). For help finding treatment options in your area, contact the Substance Abuse and Mental health Services Administration (SAMHSA) at 1-800-662-4357 or use their online treatment locator. Treatment Options for Opioid Addiction

An Introduction to Sharing Economy

An Introduction to Sharing Economy © Shutterstock.com | SkyPics StudioIn this article, we explore the 1) what is sharing economy?; 2) the fundamentals of sharing economy, as well as 3) the major players, and 4) the future of shareconomy.WHAT IS SHARING ECONOMY?Sharing Economy DefinedThe word “shareconomy” is coined from the phrase “sharing economy” which, to this day, remains to be a blurry concept to some, primarily because of how broad the subject is. This new economic model is considered to be a step away from the conventional models, since it focuses not on ownership, but on access to assets or resources. Sure, it tackles issues on production, distribution, consumption, supply and demand of goods and services â€" essentially what one would normally encounter in any economy.What sets it apart, however, is the emphasis on the concept of sharing and its application to these processes.In layman’s terms, a sharing economy is an economic model where assets are shared directly by stakeholders, after coordinati on has been conducted over the internet. Think Airbnb â€" probably the name most recognizable when it comes to sharing economy. People from practically any part of the world can now borrow or rent beds, rooms, cars, and other assets. And it is all done via communication among the parties over the internet.Sharing economy, or shareconomy, also goes by other names, such as collaborative economy, collaborative consumption peer-to-peer economy, and relationship economy, to name a few. When the idea first became widely recognized in 2011, it was dubbed by TIME Magazine as one of the “Ten Ideas That Will Change the World”.A Brief History of Sharing EconomyWhen eBay was launched in 1995, the world saw a shift in how people gain access to goods and circulate them in the market. The continuous advancement of technologies, particularly those of a social nature, also contributed to the rapid movement of goods and services. The growth was so fast that the market had to find a way to keep up with it. There is also humans’ natural instinct to concentrate solely on their self-interest when it comes to acquiring and using resources. As a result, depletion of these resources is inevitable. Supplies are low, while demand just keeps growing.The call for action was answered by one simple word: sharing. Collaboration.In the book entitled “What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption” in 2010, Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers first introduced the concept of shared social and economic activity. According to them, this “social revolution” entails the utilization of “shared and open resources” across “multiple platforms” in order to create or derive value which, in turn, will benefit the community. According to Botsman, this type of economy puts great stock on trust, which is considered to be its main currency. Without trust, collaboration would not be possible, and sharing economy would fail.It is safe to say that what cemented this new economic mo del in place is the major leaps and bounds taken by information technology in recent years, providing more platforms for collaborative consumption to take place.As sharing economy began to take root, it then spread onto corporate cultures, introducing concepts such as connectivity, openness, community and building bridges. Corporations are now recognizing the importance of relationships â€" and sharing â€" in how they do business.THE FUNDAMENTALS OF SHARING ECONOMYTo gain a better understanding of what sharing economy is, it is time to take a closer look.Principles of Sharing economyEfficiency in the utilization of resources is very important in any economy, and it is no different in shareconomy. Here are some of the guiding principles of sharing economy that everyone should know about.Trust is its main currencyBotsman has reiterated on the importance of trust in creating reputation and building relationships in a sharing economy. In short, for a fair exchange to be successful, the parties to the transaction or exchange must be trustworthy. A supplier must be able to trust its consumers to pay and, in turn, consumers must be able to trust that the supplier will deliver what was agreed upon. Failure on the part of any participant to trust the others â€" and to live up to that trust â€" will lead to the failure of the transaction or exchange.Access over ownershipAs mentioned earlier, it’s not about owning it; it’s about gaining access to it. A consumer no longer has to limit himself into looking for goods that they can own. For example, instead of buying a boat, he can think about renting or borrowing one. In other words, enjoyment of the benefits of a good or service does not require ownership.No value is wastedIt has been said many times before that “unused value = wasted value”. Idle capacity means zero capacity. Imagine a car that is used, say, only one out of five days. This means its utilized value is only up to 20%; the other 80% is value that is wasted, since it is not being utilized up to its maximum potential.Transparency and opennessMainly, this refers to the sharing of information in order to enable users to gain access to resources. A classic example would be the AirBnB network, which is comprised of providers of homes and living spaces. It has actively initiated openness of data, making its database available to larger communities of consumers looking for living spaces, thereby allowing for more possibilities of connections between service or goods providers and consumers.Sharing Economy DriversBusinesses would not adapt sharing economy, if not for certain forces that drive them towards making the shift. Here are some of the reasons why more and more organizations are getting in on the shareconomy bandwagon.Rapid population growth. It’s a two-pronged fork. As the population grows, demand for goods and services also increases, so there is a need to look for alternative ways to address the increasing demand for these resources. On the other hand, the increase in the population, which is at a fast clip everywhere in the world, also opens more doors and presents more opportunities for sharing and collaboration to take place.Rampant spread of poverty. Various crises taking place all over the world inevitably contribute to the rising poverty rates. These resulted to corresponding increases in unemployment and underemployment, as well as inequality in income and purchasing power of consumers. In order to adapt, there is a need to come up with alternative business models and economic structures.Rise of information technologies. The increase of smartphone users is just a small portion of what is now known as the rise of information technologies. Aside from mobile technologies, the huge popularity of social media, and how it figures greatly in consumerism, is also a major driving force of sharing economy. Certainly, it is now easier for people from different parts of the globe to communicate and transac t directly with others.The unstoppable growth of sharing economy or participants in collaborative consumption. This is a classic case of “everyone else is doing it, so why shouldn’t we?” To date, thousands of organizations and companies on a global scale are getting a piece of the shareconomy action, realizing large profits and revenues, and still growing at a fast rate.Sharing Economy Models or StructuresWhen adapted to various organizations and business, sharing economy does not have a single model. In fact, shareconomy allows more room for flexibility, so organizations and business could customize its processes. Here are some of the more common business models adapted in shareconomy.Service Fee modelQuite possibly the most common form of sharing economy structure, this business model entails the organization or the company acting as a matchmaker, matching consumers or buyers to sellers or service/goods providers, for a certain fee for their matchmaking services.Example: Air BnB and HomeAway both match guests to hosts. For every reservation booked via AirBnB or HomeAway, a service fee ranging from 6% to 12% is charged. The hosts are also charged a service fee of 3% of the total price, as payment for AirBnB’s efforts in connecting them to guests.Freemium modelIn this structure, an organization or company offers a service, platform or app for free, but only up to a certain extent. Users are then given the option to upgrade, this time, for a fee.Example: Swap.com, an online service for swapping, trading or simply giving away pre-owned items within the United States offers its basic swap services free of charge. They even offer free storage of items being traded for a period of up to 9 months. When the 9-month period lapses, however, there are several options â€" with corresponding service fees â€" that are available to users.Re-Cycle and â€"SellAlso referred to as On-Sale model, this model has a company that directly acquires goods from customers, and th en resells them for a higher value, after recycling, enhancing or improving them.Example: Gazelle.com is a company that accepts trade-in cell phones and electronics for cash. They purchase gadgets from customers, recycle them, and sell them again. They make it easier for users to get their hands on smartphones at lower prices, while helping out other customers to get rid of their unwanted gadgets, and get paid for it!Advantages or Benefits Derived from Sharing EconomyCirculation of resources. And not just circulation, too, since it also encourages recirculation. This is certainly welcome news especially to concerns regarding the depletion of resources.Full utilization of resources. Thanks to sharing economy, there are no idle capacities or wasted resources. Resources are maximized and unnecessary waste and consumption are minimized and even eliminated.Development of a culture of trust. Companies are now recognizing the importance of building bridges â€" yes, even among and between c ompetitors. Since shareconomy is founded on trust among and between the stakeholders and participants, this economic model will strengthen relationships further.Increase in product or service variation. As more and more are in the act of “sharing”, there is a need to remain competitive. This will then encourage businesses or organizations to come up with variations on their product or service offerings. What sets them apart? What makes them the better choice? What value do they offer that similar companies do not, or could not?Evolution of the role of organizations or companies. In the past, a company probably only had one identity: as a service provider. With shareconomy, it can further expand its role and become a trusted advisor. Take AirBnB, for example. It could simply be a service that matches guests to hosts. However, it now takes on the role of an advisor, providing additional service to help guests make the best choice and get great value for their money. Sharing econom y also brings organizations closer to their target market, which is one of the cardinal rules of marketing: knowing who your customer or market is.Disadvantages or Risks Posed by Sharing EconomyOf course, sharing economy is not without its disadvantages or risks.The biggest disadvantage, by far, also arises from its biggest advantage: since it’s about sharing, the issue on responsibility or accountability, as well as security, will be raised.Security issues. This has partly to do with the element of trust. If one party fails to deliver or keep its end of the bargain, there are serious consequences that must be dealt with. The fact that the platform used is the internet also poses some security risks, particularly in the utilization and sharing of information. Remember that it’s not just payment details (e.g. credit card information, bank details) that will have to be revealed by users; personal identity information will also be involved.Accountability issues. This risk is higher in companies that act as third parties or intermediaries in two-party transactions. There are still possibilities that some accidents or incidents might occur. For example, two apartments were trashed, leading to safety issues and criticisms, and AirBnB, where the host apartment was booked, did not fully take responsibility for the incident. Issues regarding insurance coverages will also come into play, since most companies will naturally want to distance themselves from such occurrences, thereby avoiding liability altogether.In the case of AirBnB, it was apparent how, although it put in place a $50,000 insurance policy against theft and acts of vandalism leading to property damage, any personal liability was excluded.MAJOR PLAYERS IN SHARING ECONOMYThis time, let us take a look at two of the biggest names or leaders when it comes to sharing economy or collaborative consumption. © Flickr | Mila EuropeAirBnBAirBnB calls itself an “online marketplace connecting people looking for unique accommodations to people who provide them”. It currently has listings in over 192 countries all over the world.Service / Product: To connect “hosts” or people who are renting out their homes or living spaces to “guests” or people who are looking for accommodations or places to stay for specific periods of time.Market / Users: Seasoned and budget travelers, couchsurfersHow it works: Hosts provide information or details on spaces they want to rent out, ranging from single rooms to entire houses, to AirBnB, who will then include it in its database as listings. Information provided include, but are not limited to, the property or room type, price or rates, location, facilities or amenities, and any other additional services provided by the host.Travelers or guests have to sign up with AirBnB, browse the listings, and book reservations of their listing of choice. Paymen t details will also be submitted, since payment will be done through AirBnB’s secure payment system, through various modes of payment.AirBnB charges the host a 3% fee as processing fee, and 6% to 12% service fee charged to the guest.ZipCarThis company, which is dubbed as the largest car sharing and car club service in the world, offers a “smarter way to get around the city” by providing cars and vans to those who need them. It provides and alternative to the conventional method of renting cars.Service / Product: Instead of purchasing a car or going to a car rental, customers can now book and drive cars and vans of their choice.Market / Users: Customers who are in need of modes of transportation but are not keen on purchasing their own car or be saddled with poor or limited choices offered by regular car rental businesses.How It Works: Customers must be members of ZipCar, paying as low as $6 per month. They will then get access to a listing of thousands of cars, vans and simila r vehicles in various cities or locations around the globe. They will be issued their Zipcard.Customers get to decide whether to rent the cars by the day or by the hour and, best of all, they can have their pick from the many types of cars.Once a choice has been made, it is as easy as booking a Zipcar for the period desired. Aside from booking online, the service also allows booking to be done using their mobile app.All it takes to have control over the Zipcar is to tap the Zipcard to the windshield.Zipcar offers various rates and plans to suit users’ every need (and financial capability). Membership starts from $6 per month, while driving rates could go from $8 to $10 per hour. The rates already cover expenses for gas and insurance.SHARING ECONOMY AND THE FUTUREAt the moment, sharing economy is still not fully accepted by everyone, since there are still issues that need ironing out. Still, technology is bound to make more advances in the future, taking shareconomy along with it. Already, there are more and more names pitching in and making its presence felt in the shareconomy playing field. Even governments are joining in on the revolution.Naturally, the risks and challenges are also bound to be bigger. Innovators and brilliant minds have to be on their toes constantly, coming up with ideas that will maintain the balance of supply and demand in the marketplace.One thing is for sure, however: sharing economy is not just a fad or a passing trend. It is one that is sure to stay for years â€" nay, decades â€" to come, and we can all expect to see it evolve. We actually look forward to see how it will change over time. Image credits:  Flickr | Mila Europe under Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic.